What is a sponge city? A sponge city refers to an urban area designed to absorb and retain rainwater through a combination of natural (green) and traditional (grey) infrastructure. This approach helps mitigate flooding, reduces surface runoff, and improves water quality by naturally filtering rainwater.
How do sponge cities work? Sponge cities which originated in China ,work by integrating green spaces like parks and wetlands, which absorb rainwater, with engineered systems such as permeable pavements and enhanced drainage. This setup allows cities to mimic natural water absorption and storage processes, preventing waterlogging and reducing reliance on storm sewers.
What are the benefits of implementing the sponge city concept? The primary benefits include:
• Reduced urban flooding and waterlogging • Enhanced groundwater recharge • Improved water quality through natural filtration • Increased availability of treated rainwater for urban use • Enhanced urban green spaces, contributing to biodiversity and better air quality
Which Indian cities are adopting the sponge city concept? In India, cities like Ahmedabad, Bengaluru, and several in Andhra Pradesh (including Visakhapatnam and Kakinada) are adopting sponge city strategies to tackle the challenges of urban water management and to enhance their resilience against climate change impacts like floods and droughts.
How does the sponge city concept contribute to sustainable urban development? By enhancing water resource management and integrating ecological principles into urban planning, sponge cities contribute to sustainable development. They create a balance between urban growth and environmental conservation, making cities more livable and resilient to climatic fluctuations.
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