Q1: What is the issue with stubble burning in northern states of India?
A: Stubble burning is a common practice among farmers in northern states like Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh. They burn paddy crop residues in the fields to prepare for winter crops, leading to severe air pollution in the National Capital Region (NCR) from September to November.
Q2: Why do farmers resort to stubble burning?
A: Farmers often burn stubble due to the need for quick field clearance and the lack of economically viable alternatives. This practice has detrimental effects on air quality and the environment.
Q3: What are the solutions being explored to address stubble burning?
A: Several solutions are being considered:
In-Situ Management: Use of Crop Residue Management (CRM) machines to incorporate crop residues into the soil.
Biochar: Conversion of crop residues into biochar to improve soil fertility.
Happy Seeder: A machine allowing direct sowing of wheat into paddy residue without burning.
Ex-Situ Management: Leveraging the economic potential of paddy straw for various purposes.
Co-Firing Biomass: Using crop residues for co-firing in thermal power plants to generate energy.
Q4: What is the significance of these solutions?
A: These solutions aim to provide farmers with alternatives to stubble burning, reducing air pollution in the NCR, promoting sustainable agriculture, and utilizing crop residues efficiently.
Q5: How can sustainable practices benefit both farmers and the environment?
A: Sustainable practices not only reduce air pollution but also enhance soil health, increase agricultural productivity, and offer economic opportunities, benefiting both farmers and the environment.
