A seamount is an underwater mountain formed by volcanic activity. Unlike islands, seamounts do not reach the ocean's surface. They are typically conical or cylindrical in shape and can vary greatly in size, from small hills to towering peaks thousands of meters tall.
How are Seamounts Formed?
Seamounts are created by the eruption of magma from the Earth’s mantle. This magma rises and erupts on the ocean floor, building up layers of lava and volcanic rocks over time. As these structures grow, they can take on various shapes but remain below the water’s surface unless they grow large enough to become islands.
Why are Seamounts Important for Marine Life?
Seamounts are crucial for biodiversity in the oceans. They provide a hard substrate for coral and other sessile organisms to attach, creating vibrant ecosystems. These ecosystems support a wide variety of marine species, serving as habitats, breeding grounds, and feeding areas for numerous fish, marine mammals, and other sea creatures.
What Role do Seamounts Play in Oceanography?
Seamounts influence ocean currents and can enhance the mixing of water layers. This mixing helps bring nutrients from deeper waters to the surface, supporting phytoplankton growth and, consequently, higher levels of marine productivity.
Can Seamounts be Used for Human Purposes?
While the direct human use of seamounts is limited due to their underwater nature, they are of interest for scientific research and potential mineral resources. Studies of seamounts can provide insights into volcanic activity, seafloor spreading, and the history of the planet's geological formations.
Understanding seamounts enhances our knowledge of Earth's geology and oceanic ecosystems, illustrating the dynamic interactions between geological activity and marine biodiversity.
SRIRAM's
Share:
Get a call back
Fill the below form to get free counselling for UPSC Civil Services exam preparation
