PMAY: Affordable housing, funding and land challenges.
Q: What is the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) scheme?
A: PMAY is a centrally sponsored scheme aimed at providing affordable housing to all by 2022, with a focus on rehabilitation of slum dwellers, promotion of affordable housing, and subsidy for beneficiary-led construction.
Q: What are the objectives of the PMAY scheme?
A: The objectives include:
- Rehabilitation of slum dwellers with private developers' participation - Promotion of affordable housing for weaker sections through Credit Linked Subsidy Schemes (CLSS) - Affordable housing in partnership with public and private sectors - Subsidy for Beneficiary-led Construction (BLC)
Q: How has the PMAY scheme fared?
A: Despite the scheme's goals, Housing For All (HfA) remains a distant reality. The urban housing shortage has increased by 54% from 2012 to 2018, and the scheme has only addressed 25.15% of the housing shortage.
Q: What is the status of the in-situ slum redevelopment (ISSR) vertical?
A: ISSR, which is supposed to meet the largest demand, has failed, with only 2,10,552 houses sanctioned for eligible beneficiaries.
Q: What is the role of the private sector in the PMAY scheme?
A: The private sector is expected to play a significant role in bridging the gap in public investments in social housing, but its participation has been limited, and the scheme's success has been hindered by issues like land acquisition and community involvement.
Q: What is the Centre's contribution to the overall investment expenditure?
A: The Centre's contribution is around 25% (₹2.03 lakh crore), while the bulk of the money (60% or ₹4.95 lakh crore) is shelled out by the beneficiary households themselves, and State governments (together with Urban Local Bodies) spend ₹1.33 lakh crore.
Q: What are the challenges faced by the PMAY scheme?
A: The scheme faces challenges like land acquisition, community involvement, and the dichotomy between city master plans and PMAY-U, which prioritizes market forces over social housing.
Q: How many houses are still needed to meet the demand?
A: According to estimates, around 2.4 crore households will still be without a roof even if the remaining houses sanctioned are constructed by the end of 2024.
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