What is the National Security Guard (NSG)?
The National Security Guard (NSG) is an elite Federal Contingency Force in India, established in 1986. It was created to address various forms of terrorism and to conduct surgical operations based on tactical intelligence. The NSG is a unique blend of personnel from the Army, Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs), and State Police Forces, with a focus on being a 100% deputationist force. It operates under the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) and is headquartered in New Delhi, with regional hubs across the country.
How does the NSG function?
The NSG is led by a Director General from the Indian Police Service (IPS) and is divided into two groups: the Special Action Group (SAG) and the Special Rangers Group (SRG). The SAG, primarily comprising Army recruits, executes direct operations, while the SRG, drawn from CAPFs, provides support. The NSG specializes in high-risk tasks like counter-hijacking, counter-terrorism, and VIP security. Their approach emphasizes swift action and quick withdrawal, maintaining readiness to respond to terrorist or hijack situations.
Primary Tasks of the NSG
Immediate Backup Security Operations (IBUS): The NSG provides security during major national events like Republic Day and Independence Day celebrations.
Operation COMET: NSG Commandos serve as Sky Marshals on national and international flights.
Reconnaissance of Vulnerable Areas/Places/Airports: Regular reconnaissance is carried out to familiarize with sensitive locations across India.
Close Protection Force: The NSG provides specialized close protection and also trains personnel for VIP security duties.
Major Operations of the NSG
Operation Cloud Burst (1990): Targeted terrorist hideouts in Punjab.
Operation Ashwamedh (1993): Counter-hijack operation at Amritsar Airport.
Operation Vajra Shakti (2002): Neutralized terrorists at Akshardham Temple, Gujarat.
Operation Black Tornado (2008): Counterterrorist operation during the Mumbai attacks.
Special Initiatives by NSG
The NSG is involved in capacity building and conducts regular exercises with State Police Forces.
Efforts are being made to establish a Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear & Explosives (CBRNe) Task Force.
The NSG participates in Joint Working Groups on counter-terrorism with international partners.
Environmental projects like ‘Green Aravali’ and initiatives like ‘PRERNA’ for children with special needs are part of the NSG’s community engagement.
The NSG, known as 'Black Cats', is celebrated for its dedication, valor, and surgical operational capabilities, playing a crucial role in countering terrorism and ensuring national security.
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