The NCAP, launched by the Indian government in 2019, aims to reduce particulate matter (PM) concentrations in the air. The programme targets a reduction of PM levels by 20-30% by 2024 from 2017 levels, with this target later revised to 40% by 2026. It focuses on improving air quality in cities that consistently exceed national PM standards.
What are the key achievements of NCAP so far?
NCAP has successfully facilitated the development and submission of Clean Air Action Plans (CAAPs) by numerous cities. It has also provided significant funding, totaling ₹10,422.73 crore, to aid in the implementation of these plans. Some cities have made notable progress in deploying air quality monitoring systems and introducing new technologies aimed at pollution reduction.
What challenges have affected the implementation of NCAP?
Despite these achievements, the implementation has faced challenges, including inconsistent application across different cities. Delays in the approval processes, bureaucratic red tape, and skepticism about the effectiveness of some interventions like smog towers have hindered faster progress. Additionally, on average, only 60% of the allocated funds have been utilized, with cities like Visakhapatnam and Bengaluru spending less than 1% of their designated budgets.
How do tools like Emissions Inventory (EI) and Source Apportionment (SA) support NCAP's goals?
EI and SA are critical scientific tools that enhance understanding of pollution sources. Emissions Inventories provide data on local pollution sources and their emissions, aiding in targeted control strategies. Source Apportionment studies offer a detailed analysis of the contributions from various pollution sources, which is essential for crafting effective local mitigation measures.
What improvements are needed for NCAP to reach its full potential?
To enhance NCAP's effectiveness, there needs to be a more standardized approach to implementing CAAPs and using allocated funds. Expediting the approval processes, reducing bureaucratic obstacles, and improving the operational guidelines are crucial steps. Additionally, integrating comprehensive strategies that address both primary and secondary pollutants will help achieve the ambitious targets set by the programme.
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