1. What is the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO)?
The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) is an intergovernmental organization that works to ensure the world’s seas, oceans, and navigable waters are properly surveyed and charted. It aims to support safety of navigation and the protection of the marine environment.
2. When was the IHO established?
The IHO was established in 1921, making it one of the oldest international organizations in existence that deals with maritime matters.
3. How many member states does the IHO have?
As of the last update, the IHO has 93 member states. This number may vary as new countries join or existing members change their participation status.
4. What are the main functions of the IHO?
The main functions of the IHO include facilitating international cooperation in hydrographic surveys and nautical charting, setting global standards for hydrography and nautical charting, and providing guidance and technical assistance to countries developing their hydrographic capabilities.
5. How does the IHO contribute to maritime safety?
The IHO contributes to maritime safety by promoting the use of standardized nautical charts and publications. It also works on enhancing global maritime data exchange and improving the coverage and quality of hydrographic information worldwide.
6. What role did the IHO play in defining the Southern Ocean?
The IHO played a crucial role in defining the Southern Ocean’s boundaries, recognizing it as the waters extending from the coast of Antarctica to 60 degrees South latitude, separate from the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. This definition helps in scientific and navigational efforts in the region.
7. How can a country become a member of the IHO?
A country can become a member of the IHO by formally accepting the IHO Convention. This process involves a commitment to adhere to the standards set by the IHO and to participate in its activities and governance.
8. Does the IHO work with other international organizations?
Yes, the IHO collaborates with various international organizations and bodies involved in maritime safety, environmental protection, and scientific research. This includes the International Maritime Organization (IMO), the United Nations, and regional maritime organizations.
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