India’s White Revolution

1. What was the White Revolution in India?

The White Revolution, also known as Operation Flood, was an initiative that transformed India into one of the world’s largest milk producers. It was a project of the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB).

2. Who initiated the White Revolution?

The White Revolution was spearheaded by Dr. Verghese Kurien, who is often referred to as the ‘Father of the White Revolution’ in India.

3. When did the White Revolution start?

The movement began around 1970 and continued into the early 2000s, with significant strides in the 1970s and 1980s.

4. How did the White Revolution impact India?

It led to an increase in milk production, which helped to alleviate poverty, promote rural growth, and provide fair and sustained income to farmers.

5. What is the Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF)?

The GCMMF is an Indian cooperative organization, established by the leaders of the White Revolution, which manages the Amul brand.

6. What role did the cooperative model play in the White Revolution?

The cooperative model allowed farmers to pool their resources, ensuring fair distribution of profits and empowering them to make decisions beneficial to their communities.

7. How did the White Revolution benefit farmers?

Farmers gained control over the resources they contributed, leading to better income, shared profits, and a sustainable model of dairy farming.

8. Are there any notable figures associated with the White Revolution besides Dr. Kurien?

Tribhuvandas Patel is another key figure who played a vital role in setting up the Kaira District Cooperative Milk Producers’ Union, which later became a blueprint for similar setups across India.

9. How does the White Revolution continue to influence India today?

It has established a template for successful cooperative ventures in other sectors and continues to influence rural development policies.

10. What were the challenges faced during the White Revolution?

The movement faced challenges such as the traditional supply chain inefficiencies, resistance from existing private traders, and the need for education and training among rural farmers.

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