Q1: What is energy transition?
A1: Energy transition refers to the global shift from fossil-based systems of energy production and consumption — including oil, natural gas, and coal — to renewable energy sources like wind, solar, and hydropower.
Q2: Why is energy transition necessary?
A2: Transitioning to renewable energy is essential for reducing carbon emissions, combating climate change, ensuring energy security, and creating sustainable economic growth.
Q3: What is the current progress of India’s energy transition?
A3: India’s energy transition is ongoing, with an increase in the share of renewable energy in the total power generation mix, reaching 14% as of FY24.
Q4: What are India’s targets for renewable energy?
A4: India aims to achieve 431 GW of renewable energy capacity by 2030, which would account for 31% of its total power generation.
Q5: What challenges does India face in its energy transition?
A5: Challenges include the large existing dependence on thermal energy, financial and infrastructural constraints for scaling up renewable projects, and the need for technological advancements.
Q6: How has the pandemic affected India’s energy transition?
A6: Post-pandemic, India has seen a slow down in capacity addition growth for renewable energy, but a quicker pace in the actual generation from these sources.
Q7: What role does coal play in India’s current energy mix?
A7: Coal remains the dominant source, accounting for 73% of total power generation as of FY24, indicating the scale of transition still required.
Q8: How is India addressing the dominance of coal in its energy mix?
A8: While coal is still prevalent, India is actively investing in renewable energy projects and incentivizing renewable energy adoption to reduce the reliance on coal.
Q9: What incentives are being provided for renewable energy in India?
A9: Incentives include financial support, policy initiatives like the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme, and international collaboration for technology and investment.
Q10: What is the significance of India becoming the second-largest solar manufacturer?
A10: India’s rise as a major solar manufacturer reflects its commitment to the energy transition and its role in the global renewable energy market.
Conclusion:
India’s energy transition is a critical part of its sustainable development goals. Despite the progress, significant challenges remain, requiring robust policy support and international cooperation.
