Q1: What is the current demographic situation in India?
India is still a relatively young nation, with a significant population under the age of 65. It is not considered "super-aged" yet.
Q2: How fast is India's population aging?
India's population is aging at an accelerated pace, with projections indicating that one in five Indians will be over 60 years old by 2050.
Q3: What are the potential challenges posed by an aging population?
An aging population can strain the economy as older individuals often work less, pay fewer taxes, and consume fewer goods and services, increasing the economic cost of old-age support.
Q4: What is the expected trajectory of India's per capita GDP in relation to its aging population?
Despite growth assumptions, per capita GDP is projected to remain below the $10,000 threshold until the 2040s, potentially leading to an older, less productive workforce and fiscal deficits.
Q5: What actions should India consider to mitigate the challenges of an aging population?
India should explore strategies such as increasing women's participation in the workforce and tapping into the potential of the elderly to address these challenges.
Q6: How can India enhance the productivity of its elderly population?
Raising the retirement age, implementing active aging programs, and combating age-based discrimination can help make the elderly more productive.
Q7: What is the status of pension coverage in India?
Pension coverage in India is currently insufficient, with only 12% of the workforce having formal pensions. The majority of informal sector workers rely on alternative savings schemes.
Q8: What steps can be taken to ensure sustainable pensions for India's aging population?
Transitioning to a defined contribution system and implementing state-specific guaranteed pension schemes could offer a balanced solution. Effective marketing of retirement-specific financial products can also be beneficial.
These FAQs provide an overview of the challenges and potential solutions related to India's aging population and its impact on the economy and society.
