• Graded Inequality is a concept highlighted by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, referring to the structured hierarchy within the Indian caste system where inequalities exist not only between the upper and lower castes but also among the various sub-castes themselves. Each layer is unequal relative to the ones above and below, creating a complex web of discrimination and privilege.
2. How did Dr. Ambedkar describe Graded Inequality?
• Dr. Ambedkar described graded inequality as a unique feature of the caste system where each caste is divided and sub-divided into smaller sections. Each segment is ranked, and members of a particular section possess both the scorn for those ranked below them and a deference to those ranked above.
3. Why did Dr. Ambedkar criticize Graded Inequality?
• Dr. Ambedkar criticized graded inequality for perpetuating discrimination and oppression within the Indian society. He argued that it hindered unity among the oppressed as it prevented them from coming together to fight against the systemic injustices, thus sustaining the upper caste dominance.
4. What were the implications of Graded Inequality according to Ambedkar?
• According to Ambedkar, graded inequality not only enforced a rigid social order but also deepened social divisions. It affected socio-economic mobility and perpetuated a cycle of poverty and deprivation among the lower and marginalized castes.
5. How did Ambedkar propose to combat Graded Inequality?
• Dr. Ambedkar proposed several measures to combat graded inequality, including: • Advocacy for the annihilation of caste and all forms of social discrimination. • Promotion of education and socio-economic empowerment among the lower castes. • Legal and constitutional reforms to ensure equality and protect the rights of the oppressed.
6. What role did Graded Inequality play in the drafting of the Indian Constitution?
• As the principal architect of the Indian Constitution, Ambedkar embedded principles of equality, justice, and non-discrimination in the text to counter graded inequality. He ensured that the Constitution provided for affirmative actions, such as reservations in education and employment for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
7. How is Graded Inequality relevant in contemporary India?
• Graded inequality remains a significant issue in contemporary India, influencing various aspects of life including politics, education, and employment. The ongoing relevance of Ambedkar’s work reflects in continued debates and movements aimed at caste and social equality.
8. Where can one learn more about Ambedkar’s views on Graded Inequality?
• Ambedkar’s views on graded inequality can be explored in his writings and speeches, most notably in “Annihilation of Caste”. Academic works, biographies, and research papers on Ambedkar’s theories also provide deeper insights into his views on social stratification.
Dr. Ambedkar’s critique of graded inequality is fundamental to understanding the dynamics of caste and its pervasive impact on Indian society. His legacy continues to inspire efforts toward a more equitable social order.
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