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CROP DIVERSIFICATION IN INDIA



  Jul 17, 2024

CROP DIVERSIFICATION IN INDIA



The Indian government is actively promoting crop diversification to boost domestic production of pulses and oilseeds, reduce import reliance, and increase farmers’ incomes. Key measures include 100% procurement of certain pulse varieties and various support schemes.

What is Crop Diversification?

• Definition: Crop diversification involves growing a variety of crops to improve productivity, reduce dependency on a single crop, and enhance food security.
• Benefits: Helps manage risk, improves soil health, increases biodiversity, and provides economic stability to farmers.

Why is Crop Diversification Important?

• Reducing Import Reliance: India imports 58% of its edible oils and 15% of its pulses. Increasing domestic production will reduce this dependency.
• Economic Benefits: Diversifying crops can lead to higher and more stable incomes for farmers.
• Environmental Benefits: Diversification improves soil fertility and reduces pest and disease outbreaks.

Government Initiatives to Aid Crop Diversification

1. 100% Procurement of Pulses:
• The government aims to procure 100% of urad, arhar, and masoor pulses at the Minimum Support Price (MSP) to boost production and reduce imports.
2. Price Deficiency Payment Scheme:
• A pilot scheme will reimburse farmers for the difference between market prices and MSP for pulses and oilseeds, encouraging cultivation.
3. Price Support Scheme:
• The government supports the purchase of up to 40% of the marketable surplus of pulses under this scheme, although actual purchases have been low.
4. Area Expansion and Assured Procurement:
• The area under pulses has increased significantly, especially for tur and urad varieties. The government’s priority is to achieve self-sufficiency through area expansion and assured procurement.
5. Support for Oilseeds:
• Government agencies, in collaboration with state departments, are purchasing mustard at MSP and encouraging the cultivation of oilseeds to reduce import dependency.
6. Focus on Key Growing Regions:
• Efforts are concentrated on states like Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Uttar Pradesh, which account for a significant portion of pulse production.
7. Collaborative Efforts:
• Agencies such as Nafed and NCCF are registering farmers for procurement and supporting them in achieving higher yields through better practices and adequate monsoon rains.

Conclusion

By implementing these initiatives, the Indian government aims to enhance crop diversification, ensuring economic and environmental benefits for farmers. These measures are crucial for reducing import reliance, stabilizing prices, and achieving self-sufficiency in pulses and oilseeds production.


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