| Aspect | ICJ | ICC |
|---|---|---|
| Full Name | International Court of Justice | International Criminal Court |
| Established | 1945 | 2001 |
| Foundation | United Nations Charter | Rome Statute |
| Location | The Hague, Netherlands | The Hague, Netherlands |
| Primary Function | Resolves disputes between states | Prosecutes individuals for serious crimes |
| Focus | State responsibility | Individual criminal responsibility |
| Jurisdiction | General international law | Genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, aggression |
| Judges | 15 judges elected by UN General Assembly and Security Council | 18 judges elected by Assembly of States Parties |
| Enforcement | No enforcement power, relies on state compliance | Relies on state cooperation for arrests |
| Binding Decisions | Yes, but lacks enforcement power | Yes, enforced through state cooperation |
| Advisory Opinions | Provides non-binding legal opinions | Not applicable |
| Consent for Cases | Requires state consent for disputes.The Court can only deal with a dispute when the States concerned have recognized its jurisdiction. | Initiated by member states, UN Security Council, or ICC Prosecutor |
| Example Case | South Africa v. Israel on genocide | Arrest warrants for leaders in Gaza conflict |
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