1. What is the planned super dam on the Brahmaputra River?
• China is planning to build a massive hydropower project, referred to as a “super dam,” at the largest bend of the Brahmaputra River. This project aims to be the world’s most powerful hydropower facility. 2. Where is the dam located?
• The dam will be situated on China’s side of the Brahmaputra River, just before the river enters Arunachal Pradesh, India. It is located at a significant bend where the river descends into a deep valley. 3. What are the potential threats to India from this dam?
• The primary threat is the risk of severe flooding if China releases large amounts of water from the dam. This could potentially lead to a “water bomb” effect, causing destruction in the downstream regions of Arunachal Pradesh and Assam. 4. Is there an agreement between India and China regarding the Brahmaputra River?
• Yes, there was an agreement signed in 2002 for sharing hydrological data. It was renewed in 2008, 2013, and 2018, but the agreement expired in 2023 and has not been renewed due to rising tensions between the two countries. 5. Why is this dam considered a strategic concern for India?
• The dam’s proximity to the Indian border, only 30 kilometers away, allows China to control the flow of water into India. This control could be used as a strategic tool, posing a potential risk of sudden water release and flooding. 6. What has been the international reaction to this project?
• The international community, particularly strategic think tanks like the Australian Strategic Policy Institute (ASPI), has raised concerns about the geopolitical and environmental implications of the dam. The project is seen as a part of China’s broader strategy in the region. 7. What steps can India take in response to this project?
• India can engage in diplomatic discussions with China to ensure transparent water management practices and renew agreements on hydrological data sharing. Additionally, India may need to enhance its flood management infrastructure and disaster preparedness in vulnerable regions.
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