Chandrayaan-4 is the next chapter in India’s ambitious lunar exploration program, aiming to be the first Indian mission to return samples from the Moon. This complex mission involves a meticulously planned sequence and impressive technology.
What are the main components of Chandrayaan-4?
Chandrayaan-4 consists of multiple modules:
- Reentry Module (RM)
- Transfer Module (TM)
- Lander Module (LM)
- Ascender Module (AM)
- Propulsion Module (PM)
What are the launch vehicles used in the mission?
- PSLV (Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle): Carries the combined RM and TM into a sub-Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (sub-GTO).
- LMV-3 (Launch Vehicle Mark-3): Propels the LM, AM, and PM directly towards a Lunar Transfer Orbit (TLI) or GTO.
What happens in lunar orbit?
In lunar orbit, the RM and TM establish a parking spot, awaiting the grand entrance of the AM.
Where will Chandrayaan-4 land on the Moon?
The LM and AM will descend towards the lunar south pole’s designated landing site near Shiv Shakti point.
How will the lunar samples be collected?
Using a robotic arm, the LM meticulously collects lunar samples and then hands over the bounty to the waiting AM.
What happens after the samples are collected?
With the samples secured, the AM separates from the LM and blasts off from the lunar surface. The AM docks with the TM in lunar orbit, and the samples are transferred from the AM to the RM.
How will the samples be returned to Earth?
The RM, containing the lunar samples, ensures their safe passage home by reentering Earth's atmosphere and landing back on Earth.
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