Definition and Scope: Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technologies are essential for removing CO2 from flue gas and the atmosphere, enabling its reuse in various industries, thus contributing to the circular carbon economy (CCE).
Applications: Captured carbon is used in the production of fuels, plastic components, fire extinguishers, pharmaceuticals, soda ash, food and drinks, building materials, and agriculture.
Innovations: Includes artificial photosynthesis and phytoplankton-based solutions to mimic photosynthesis for carbon capture.
Role in Achieving Net Zero Targets
Alignment with SDGs: CCUS aligns with five sustainable development goals (SDGs), including climate action and clean energy.
Support from Indian Government: As part of the Paris Agreement, India has implemented policies to support CCUS initiatives, contributing to a sustainable green energy economy.
Potential and Strategies in India
Geological Storage Potential: India's potential for CO2 storage is estimated between 500 to 1,000 gigatons, making CCUS a viable option for the country. Government Initiatives: The establishment of National Centres of Excellence in CCUS and the Mission Innovation Challenge on CCUS are significant steps towards fostering technology development and application.
Challenges and Opportunities
Development Challenges: Includes the need for effective CO2 sorbents and addressing the limited demand for captured CO2.
Strategic Needs: Emphasizes on comprehensive CO2 storage capacity assessment and investment in infrastructure to deploy CCUS on a large scale.
Opportunities: National research collaborations and knowledge sharing are crucial for transforming energy generation and consumption, making CCUS a feasible option for India's decarbonization journey.
Conclusion
CCUS technologies are critical for India's sustainable development, aligning with global climate goals and supporting a transition towards a green energy economy. Despite challenges, the potential benefits and ongoing support from the government position CCUS as a promising avenue for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and achieving net zero targets in India.
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