BHITARKANIKA MANGROVE FOREST: AN ECOLOGICAL TREASURE
Bhitarkanika Mangrove Forest, located in the northeastern part of Odisha, is a vibrant and ecologically significant region where the Brahmani and Baitarani rivers converge, creating a fertile delta. This area spans approximately 672 square kilometers and forms part of the Bhitarkanika National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary.
UNIQUE FEATURES OF BHITARKANIKA
Rich Biodiversity
• Mangroves: The forest boasts over 55 species of mangroves, crucial for coastal protection and preventing erosion.
• Fauna: • Crocodiles: Notably, Bhitarkanika is home to saltwater crocodiles, with some individuals reaching lengths of up to 20 feet. This sanctuary is essential for their breeding.
• Birds: A haven for birdwatchers, the park hosts over 320 bird species, including migratory birds from Central Asia and Europe. Significant species include the white-bellied sea eagle and brahminy kite.
• Other Wildlife: The forest also shelters spotted deer, wild boars, monitor lizards, and various snake species.
Environmental Importance
• Coastal Protection: Mangroves act as natural barriers against cyclones and erosion. • Carbon Sink: These mangroves absorb significant amounts of carbon dioxide, aiding in climate change mitigation. • Habitat and Nursery: The intricate root systems of the mangroves support diverse marine life and act as crucial nursery grounds for fish and other aquatic organisms.
CLIMATE AND ECOLOGY
Bhitarkanika experiences a tropical monsoon climate, with heavy rainfall during the monsoon season. This rainfall is essential for maintaining the health of the mangrove ecosystem.
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