What is Inner Line Permit System (ILPS)?

Q What is the context  ?

A A petition has been filed in the Supreme Court opposing the implementation of the Inner Line Permit System (ILPS) in Manipur.

Q What is Inner Line Permit?

A 

• A concept drawn by colonial rulers, the Inner Line separated the tribal-populated hill areas in the Northeast from the plains.
• The concept originates from the Bengal Eastern Frontier Regulation Act (BEFR), 1873.
• To enter and stay for any period in these areas, Indian citizens from other areas need an Inner Line Permit (ILP).
• Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland and Mizoram are protected by the Inner Line, and lately, Manipur was added (in December last year).

Q What is its background ? 

 A 

• The policy of exclusion first came about as a response to the reckless expansion of British entrepreneurs into new lands which threatened British political relations with the hill tribes.
• The BEFR prohibits an outsider’s — “British subject or foreign citizen” — entry into the are beyond the Inner Line without a pass and his purchase of land there.
• On the other hand, the Inner Line also protects the commercial interests of the British from the tribal communities.
• After Independence, the Indian government replaced “British subjects” with “Citizen of India”.
• Today, the main aim of the ILP system is to prevent settlement of other Indian nationals in the States where the ILP regime is prevalent, in order to protect the indigenous/tribal population.

Q Why need ILP?

A 

• Despite the fact that the ILP was originally created by the British to safeguard their commercial interests, it continues to be used in India.
• It aims to protect tribal cultures in northeastern India.
• There are different kinds of ILP’s, one for tourists and others for people who intend to stay for long-term periods, often for employment purposes.
• ILP’s valid for tourism purposes are granted as a matter of routine.

Q What is the Issues with ILP ?

A 

• It has been extensively used to restrict the entry of tribals.