“ShramShakti”- a National Migration

Q. Why in News? 

• Recently, the Ministry of Tribal Affairs has launched “ShramShakti”- a National Migration Support Portal, to smooth the formulation of state and national level programs for migrant workers.
• A training manual “ShramSaathi” was also launched for migrant workers.

Q. What is this Portal about?

• It has been launched to collect data related to tribal migrant workers and link them with the existing welfare schemes.

Q. What are the Objectives of Shram-Shakti Portal?

• To address the data gap:
  
  • Various data will be recorded via Shram Shakti include demographic profile, livelihood options, skill mapping and migration pattern.
  • It will help in empowering the workers who generally migrate in search of employment and income generation.
• To help in formulation of strategies:
  
  • It would help the national and state governments in formulation of effective strategies and policy decisions for welfare of migrant workers at both source and destination states.
• To address the issues various related migrants:
  
  • Trafficking,
  • Wages harassment issues,
  • Occupational hazards at the workplace, etc.
• Linking with other schemes:
  
  • This portal will link the migrant population with the existing Welfare Schemes under Atamnirbhar Bharat.

Q. What are the recent Government Initiatives to help migrant workers?

• ASEEM Portal:
  
  • The Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) launched ‘AtmaNirbhar Skilled Employee Employer Mapping (ASEEM)’ portal to help skilled people find sustainable livelihood opportunities.
  • Database of labour migrants in Indian states and overseas citizens, who returned to India under the Vande Bharat Mission and filled SWADES Skill Card, has been integrated with the ASEEM portal.
• NMIS Dashboard:
  
  • The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) has developed an online dashboard called ‘National Migrant Information System (NMIS)’.
  • It would maintain a central repository of migrant workers and help in speedy inter-state communication to facilitate the smooth movement of migrant workers to their native places.
• Amalgamation of Labour Laws into Codes:
  
  • Recently, numerous labour laws have been amalgamated into four labour codes namely Code on Wages Act 2019, Industrial Relations Code 2020, Code on Social Security 2020, and Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code 2020.
  • They are also aimed at facilitating industrialisation throughout the nation and thus checking distress labour migration ultimately.
• Initiatives for Tribal Welfare:
  
  • Pradhan Manti Van Dhan Yojana (PMVDY):
    
    • It is a market-linked tribal entrepreneurship development program for forming clusters of tribal SHGs and strengthening them into Tribal Producer Companies.
    • It also aims to set-up tribal community owned Minor Forest Produce (MFP)-centric multi-purpose Van Dhan Vikas Kendras (the Kendra) in predominantly tribal districts.
• Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRSs):
  
  • EMRS started in the year 1997-98 to impart quality middle and high-level education to ST children in remote areas and enable them to have access to the best opportunities in education at par with the non ST population.
  • These are being set up by grants provided under Article 275(1) of the Constitution.

Q. What is TRIFED?

The Tribal Cooperative Marketing Development Federation of India (TRIFED):

• TRIFED came into existence in 1987. It is a national-level apex organization functioning under the administrative control of the Ministry of Tribal Affairs.
• TRIFED has its key objectives of promoting tribal art & craft, hand looms and set-up tribal community owned Minor Forest Produce (MFP)-centric multi-purpose Van Dhan Vikas Kendras.